The closest I've seen from doing searches (and it's not an adequate wiring diagram and certainly no schematic) is on this site: RY48110/RY48111/RY48112 'Wiring' 'Diagram' There's also a tab (on that same page) for controllers and wiring harness and you can sort of make out some detail on each of the specific tabs for subsystems, but mostly, it's guess work / reverse-engineering since Ryobi doesn't list this info anywhere I've been able to see. I'm also looking for this info as I own a 5+ year old RY48110 and am looking to upgrade the battery/charging system since my mower dies after only about 10 minutes of cutting. The most info I've found is on youtube videos searching for Ryobi battery replacement, etc. Good luck!
I recommend using anti-static protection, i.e., wearing a ground strap, or at least touch metal chassis inside the computer before unplugging cables. Otherwise, you might create an ESD discharge into your RAM and have to replace it like I did!