Without a screen, you will have to connect another display. Another way is to connect hard drive to another computer as slave drive (target mode) or external hard drive. If needed, you can download a data recovery program. try this one: hard drive data recovery hope that you get back all your files.

why not just reinstall the software, or restore from iTunes?

there's several reasons which could lock the SD card 1. physical lock on side of the SD card 2. you set to lock SD card in camera 3. files on the card are locked for some reason