There should be four steps to this, step two should be removing the 4 hard drive screws,

step three should be removing the bottom cover, including that it slides off, as many bottom covers snap in.

I almost damaged the bottom cover trying to pry it up.

Same, where is this board available? Would this work to fix the USB charger?

Strip the broken part off the board and solder the wires to the breakout.

https://www.ebay.com/i/252302106313?chn=...

How do you remove the board? It says to remove the chip from the board but there are no images that show that.