default camera lens works for videos but not photos

The EF-S 18-55 is not Canon's best lens, and to be honest, it is more prone to failure than others due to its plastic mount and cheaper electronics. That said, sometimes cleaning the contacts with an eraser fixes it. There's a reason folks who shoot higher-tier bodies don't mind not getting the 18-55 with used bodies; we can get them cheap enough by buying a low use body only camera and saving the money for better glass (like 90's EF lenses from the film bodies, which were built much better).

If the eraser trick doesn't work, try to see if you have a friend with another (read: not an 18-55) pack-in lens and check if the camera exhibits the same issue; preferably, an EF (full-frame) lens with a metal mount. If the problem does not occur with another lens, the electronics inside are likely defective in these. Sometimes, you can replace the interface PCB and fix the issue, but very often, with these 18-55 lenses, there are usually more serious problems, and the cost to repair exceeds the value of the lens every time. The STM is still not the best, but its an actual improvement over the pack-in Canon forces on entry level buyers.